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Bonobos have a reputation among the great apes as " hippie chimp , " and fresh research hints that high levels of a key thyroid gland internal secretion may dally a persona in maintain the animals ' aggression in check .
Found in the lowland woodland of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , bonobos ( Pan solitary ) are closely bear on to chimpanzees ( Pan troglodyte ) but the two diverge in behavior .
A bonobo at the Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pan paniscus seem to diffuse social tension with animpressive repertoire of sex actsrather than physical fights . male person in fussy show small story of aggression — they even maintain platonic friendships with females andstick by their mothers into maturity . The life of male chimpanzee , meanwhile , revolve around climbing the social run ( or at least hanging onto their current rung ) , and navigating concerted and aggressive relationships with other males . [ 8 Humanlike Behaviors of Primates ]
Scientists recently notice another full-grown remainder between the twoPanspecies : A key thyroid gland hormone decreases at a much later age in bonobo compared with chimp .
For their study , scientist took piddle sample from about 100 chimpanzees and 96 bonobos hold up in zoo . The research worker specifically attend at the ape ' levels of triiodothyronine ( T3 ) , a hormone in the thyroid gland that is all-important for development in all vertebrate ( animals with backbones ) .
In humans , T3 levels typically decline after puberty . Forchimpanzees , this drop come when the animals are around 10 class honest-to-goodness , but in bonobos , T3 levels persist high until they are about 20 , the survey found .
" We never expected the longsighted delay in thyroid gland internal secretion level decrease in bonobo , " tell study investigator Verena Behringer of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology .
Compared with chimp , bonobos also show a developmental wait in cognitive task and in eubstance ontogeny . Since T3 levels have been tie to brain and gaunt emergence , the researchers had expected a corresponding holdup in the onset of the decrease in thyroid endocrine levels in pygmy chimpanzee compared with chimp , Behringer explain in an email to LiveScience . But it was surprising that the delay was so long .
" Humans have the longest growth period in comparison to the twoPanspecies , therefore we expected the oncoming of the lessening in thyroid gland hormones in humankind to occur later than in the twoPanspecies , " Behringer write . " So it was surprising to see that the onslaught of the decrease in thyroid hormone levels in humans isbetweenchimpanzees and pygmy chimpanzee . This offers speculation about which developmental thyroid hormone traffic pattern occurred in the common ascendent . "
The study researchers also receive that malebonobosthroughout their lives had down degree of T3 than their distaff peers , which could bestow to the manlike apes ' relatively low levels of aggression .
The investigator compose that thyroid gland hormones may work the anthropoid ' behavioral response to strain , as has been shown in other animals , like humans , frump and rodent .
Behringer said further research will be aim learning more about " how thyroid gland hormones are ask in the development of bonobos and chimpanzees to maybe find out a explanation for our result . "
The survey was detail in the Journal of Human Evolution on Nov. 22 .
